17 Direction of Sustainable Development of the South Province Territories I Strolling along the waterways The Ramsar area perimeter Hydrographic network Swamp Hydromorphic plains shrub Temporary hydromorphic soil shrub Maquis mosaic of areas with temporary or permanent hydromorphism Maquis mosaic in Gymnostoma & hydromorphic areas Wetlands with Niaouli trees. 16 Strolling along the waterways The hydroelectric dam Built between 1956 and 1959, the 60 m high Yaté dam is made up of three impressive slide spillways and flood spillways. This monumental work, however, remains barely perceptible fromthe road. Its construction led to the creation of a hugewater reservoir which flooded around 4,000 ha of land. An artificial central receptacle of themouths of several rivers, Yaté Lake connects thenorth-westernparts,with the confluenceof the natural beds of the Blue and White Rivers and the south-eastern parts of the Ramsar area, with the Lakes River and Pernod Creek. A 2.6 km long gallery leads thewater to the factory located below. It supplies the urban area and the Doniambo factory. The exploitation of water as a source of energy Typical landscapes Typology of wetlands The main typologies of wetlands are distinguished according to the degree of hydromorphic * of the soil. The map below shows the location and distribution of these major typologies. * saturation of soil pores with water over a more or less long period of the year leading to asphyxiation phenomena which disrupt soil fauna and vegetation. A few figures: Dam inaugurated in 1959, length: 641 m Lake surface area: 40 km2, dimensions: 22 km by 6.5 km 10% of the Ramsar classified area Watershed supplying the reservoir: 436 km2 The dam meets 30% of the electricity needs of public distribution in NC. N 0 5km 1 YATÉ LAKE Blue River White River The Mont of May River Pernod Creek The Lakes River Lake in 8 Great Lakes Yaté Lake at the Pérignon Bridge, in 2007- © J.M. Mériot Yaté Lake - © Catherine Geoffray Press article, 1990 © Hourdan In 2017 Shaped by humans
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