POLITICAL ORGANISATION New Caledonia is a French overseas collectivity with a special status, which includes the gradual transfer to New Caledonia of certain State powers. Represented by the High Commissioner of the Republic, the French State retains jurisdiction in sovereign areas such as public order and defence, justice, currency, and credit. New Caledonia enjoys a high degree of autonomy from mainland France and has a collegiate Government that implements the policies of Congress, particularly in the areas of taxation, economic and social regulations, foreign trade and customs, regional planning and energy. Reporting to the government, two consultative bodies issue opinions to the various institutions: the Customary Senate, which represents the eight customary areas of the territory and is the guardian of Kanak identity, and the Conseil Économique, Social et Environnemental (CESE), which represents civil society. Each of the 3 provinces (Loyalty Islands, Northern and Southern) has its own deliberative assembly and executive, competent regarding the environment, economic and tourism development, youth and sport, culture and heritage, employment and inclusion, urban planning and land. The 33 communes of the territory are responsible for civil status, housing, schools and the municipal police. (image source: http://www.mncparis.fr/uploads/Institutions%20de%20la%20Nouvelle-Caledonie.pdf) 7
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